Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب رجوعهم إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في عقوبة الزاني وما ظهر من ذلك من كتمانهم ما أنزل الله تعالى في التوراة من حكمه وصفة نبيه عليه السلام [١]

Chapter: The chapter on their return to the Prophet, peace be upon him, regarding the punishment of the adulterer and whatever appeared from their concealment of what God Almighty revealed in the Torah about his ruling and the description of his Prophet, peace be upon him [1].

Volume: 6 (Page:269)

English:

Chapter: Their Return to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, Regarding the Punishment of the Adulterer and the Concealment of What Allah Revealed in His Judgment and the Description of His Prophet

It was narrated that Abu Huraira said: I was sitting with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, when a group of Jews came. One of them had committed adultery with a woman. Some of them said to others: Let's go to this Prophet, for he has been sent with leniency. If he gives us a lenient judgment other than stoning, we will accept it and argue our case before Allah by attesting to a Prophet from among your Prophets. If he commands us to stone [the adulterer], we will disobey him, for we have already disobeyed Allah in what He has decreed for us in the Torah. So, they went to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, who was sitting in the mosque with his companions. They said: O Abu Al-Qasim, what is your opinion about a man from us who has committed adultery even though he was given refuge [by marriage]?

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, stood up and did not respond to them, but two Muslim men accompanied him as he walked towards the Jewish study center where they were reading the Torah. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to them: O Jews, I adjure you by Allah, who revealed the Torah to Moses, what punishment do you find in the Torah for one who has committed adultery?

Arabic:

بَابُ رُجُوعِهِمْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم فِي عُقُوبَةِ الزَّانِي وَمَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ كِتْمَانِهِمْ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي التَّوْرَاةِ مِنْ حُكْمِهِ وَصِفَةِ نَبِيِّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ [ (١) ]أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُقَاتِلِ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ بن الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَعِنْدَ سَعِيدٍ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ يوَقِّرُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ شَهِدَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ جَاءَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ وَقَدْ زَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ وَامْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: اذْهَبُوا بِنَا إِلَى هَذَا النَّبِيِّ فَإِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ بُعِثَ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ فَإِنْ أَفْتَانَا حَدًّا دُونَ الرَّجْمِ فَعَلْنَاهُ وَاحْتَجَجْنَا عِنْدَ اللهِ حِينَ نَلْقَاهُ بِتَصْدِيقِ نَبِيٍّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَائِكَ، - قَالَ مُرَّةُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ- وَإِنْ أَمَرَنَا بِالرَّجْمِ عَصَيْنَاهُ فَقَدْ عَصَيْنَا اللهَ فِيمَا كَتَبَ عَلَيْنَا مِنَ الرَّجْمِ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ. فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ مَا ترى فِي رَجُلٍ مِنَّا زَنَا بعد ما أُحْصِنَ؟ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا وَقَامَ مَعَهُ رَجُلَانِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى بَيْتِ مِدْرَاسِ الْيَهُودِ فَوَجَدَهُمْ يَتَدَارَسُونَ التَّوْرَاةَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَى مُوسَى مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ مِنَ الْعُقُوبَةِ على من زنا[ (١) ] كذا في (ح) وفي بقية النسخ «صلى الله عليه وسلم» .

Volume: 6 (Page:270)

English:

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

When they hesitated? They said: "We should stone him." And stoning means that you put two on a donkey, so they turn their backs, one facing the other." His companions remained silent. He was a young man. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, saw that he remained silent under the pressure, his companions continued: "When you ask them, we find in the Torah the stoning for the one who is unchaste." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, replied: "So what was the first judgment that you allowed?" A man among us committed adultery with a relative of ours who was of royalty from our royal families, so he delayed the stoning. Later on, he committed adultery with another woman from the common people, and the ruler intended to stone him. His people intercepted and said: "No, by Allah, you will not stone him until you stone so-and-so, his cousin." They settled upon this punishment. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "I will judge by what is in the Torah." The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, ordered both of them to be stoned.

The Zuhri said: "We were informed that this verse was revealed regarding them: 'Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light by which the prophets who had submitted judged for the Jews.'" And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, who narrated to us Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who narrated to us Ahmad ibn Abd Al-Jabbar, who narrated to us Yunus ibn Bukayr from Ibn Ishaq. He said: The Zuhri informed me that he heard a man from Muzaynah telling Sa'id ibn Al-Musayyib that Abu Huraira narrated to them and mentioned the meaning of this narration, sometimes adding and sometimes subtracting. Among the extra additions, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, asked Ibn Suriya, 'I adjure you by Allah, and I remind you of his days among the Children of Israel. Do you know that Allah prescribed stoning in the Torah for the one who commits adultery after being chaste?' He replied: 'By Allah, yes, O Abu Al-Qasim, indeed they know that you are a sent Prophet; however, they envy you.' The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, then ordered stoning for them at the door of his mosque among the Banu Ghannam ibn Malik ibn Al-Najjar tribe. Later, Ibn Suriya apostatized, and Allah revealed: "O Messenger, let not their conduct grieve you who hasten into disbelief."

References: Al-Bidayah wa Al-Nihayah (6:175), Quran 5:44

Arabic:

إِذَا أُحْصِنَ؟ قَالُوا: نُجِبَّهُ [ (٢) ] وَالتَّجْبِيهُ أَنْ تَحْمِلُوا اثْنَيْنِ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَيُوَلُّوا ظَهْرَ أَحَدِهِمَا ظَهْرَ الْآخَرِ قَالَ فَسَكَتَ حَبْرُهُمْ وَهُوَ فَتًى شَابٌّ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم صامتا ألظ النِّشْدَةَ فَقَالَ حَبْرُهُمْ: أَمَا إِذَا نَشَدْتَهُمْ فَإِنَّا نَجِدُ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ الرَّجْمَ عَلَى مَنْ أُحْصِنَ. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلم: فَمَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَرَخَّصْتُمْ أَمْرَ اللهِ. فَقَالَ زَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنَّا ذُو قَرَابَةٍ بِمِلْكٍ مِنْ مُلُوكِنَا فَأَخَّرَ عَنْهُ الرَّجْمَ فَزَنَا بَعْدَهُ آخَرَ فِي أُسْرَةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَأَرَادَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكُ أَنْ يَرْجِمَهُ فَقَامَ قَوْمُهُ دُونَهُ فَقَالُوا لَا وَاللهِ لَا تَرْجُمُهُ حَتَّى يُرْجَمَ فلانا:ابْنُ عَمِّهِ فَاصْطَلَحُوا بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْعُقُوبَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ بِمَا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا [ (٣) ] .قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِمْ: إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا التَّوْراةَ فِيها هُدىً وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا النَّبِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا لِلَّذِينَ هادُوا [ (٤) ] .وأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ يُحَدِّثُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُمْ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، يَزِيدُ [ (٥) ] وَيُنْقِصُ، فَمِمَّا زَادَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِابْنِ صُورِيَّا أَنْشُدُكَ بِاللهِ وَأُذَكِّرُكَ أَيَّامَهُ عِنْدَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللهَ حَكَمَ فِيمَنْ زَنَا بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ بِالرَّجْمِ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ، أَمَا وَاللهِ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَحْسِدُونَكَ. فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا عِنْدَ بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ فِي بَنِي غَنْمِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ، ثُمَّ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ صُورِيَّا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ[ (٢) ] في هامش (أ) «نحممه» وكذا في (ف) .[ (٣) ] البداية والنهاية (٦: ١٧٥) .[ (٤) ] الآية الكريمة (٤٤) من سورة المائدة.[ (٥) ] كلمة (يزيد) سقطت من (ح) وثابتة في بقية النسخ.

Volume: 6 (Page:271)

English:

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

Interpretation of Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:41)

Verse [6]- until His saying: "Listeners for another people who have not come to you." Meaning those who have not heard him and are absent, lagging behind, and instructing them to twist the word from its proper places. He said: They distort the word after its places, saying, "If you are given this, take it."

Clarification

[7] - for the response [meaning stoning]
[8] - and if not given, then beware of the end of the story [9].

Verse [7] from Surah Al-Ma'idah - Verse 41.
Verse [8] from Surah Al-Ma'idah - Verse 41.
Increment from (ha) only.
Beginning and End (6:176).

Arabic:

[ (٦) ] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: سَمَّاعُونَ لِقَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ لَمْ يَأْتُوكَ.يَعْنِي الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَأْتُوهُ وَتَغَيَّبُوا، وَتَخَلَّفُوا وَأَمَرُوهُمْ بِمَا أَمَرُوهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ تَحْرِيفِ الْكَلِمِ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ قَالَ: يُحَرِّفُونَ الْكَلِمَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَواضِعِهِ يَقُولُونَ إِنْ أُوتِيتُمْ هذا فَخُذُوهُ [ (٧) ] للتجيبة [أَيِ الرَّجْمُ] [ (٨) ] وَإِنْ لَمْ تُؤْتَوْهُ فَاحْذَرُوا الى آخر القصة [ (٩) ] .[ (٦) ] الآية الكريمة (٤١) من سورة المائدة.[ (٧) ] من الآية (٤١) من سورة المائدة.[ (٨) ] الزيادة من (ح) فقط.[ (٩) ] البداية والنهاية (٦: ١٧٦) .

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Chapters